Txawm hais tias kev nce qib tau qeeb, mining automation tau ua lub sijhawm ntev hauv kev lag luam mining. Cov neeg tawm tswv yim sib cav tias automation ntawm tsheb, RIGS, thiab kev ua cov ntxhia tuaj yeem ua rau kom muaj txiaj ntsig thiab tsim khoom, txhim kho kev nyab xeeb, thiab txo nqi tag nrho. Txawm hais tias cov lus thov no tsis muaj tseeb, automation yuav tsis tau hloov pauv kev lag luam mining ntau npaum li nws cov neeg tawm tswv yim cia siab, vim nws tseem yog kev lag luam ib txwm tsom rau cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm hnyav.
Tab sis cov tuam txhab mining, uas feem ntau muaj kev tswj xyuas me ntsis ntawm cov nyiaj tau los ntawm lawv cov haujlwm, tab tom paub txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm automation vim cov mines txav mus tob dua thiab qis dua hauv qib. Qhov tsis paub meej ntawm kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb tshwm sim los ntawm kev kub ntxhov thoob ntiaj teb cov khoom lag luam hauv 2014-2015 thiab COVID-19 kev kis thoob qhov txhia chaw tau cuam tshuam qhov tsis zoo ntawm kev lag luam mining. Cov neeg tuaj koom yuav tsum tau them nyiaj ntau rau automation kom zoo dua tswj peb tus nqi loj ntawm cov nyiaj ua haujlwm, kev siv hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom siv, thaum txhim kho cov khoom tsim tau los lav cov khoom.
Cov kws tshuaj ntsuam xyuas kev lag luam ntawm EY tau sau tseg tias cov tuam txhab mining uas twb tau siv cov chaw ua haujlwm tsis siv neeg thiab cov chaw ua haujlwm nyob deb ua ntej 2020 tau zoo dua thaum muaj kev sib kis. Cov tuam txhab kom meej meej tsis mus tsis quav ntsej qhov txiaj ntsig no; Txhua lub tuam txhab mining npaj yuav nce peev hauv digitization thiab automation, nrog cov txheej txheem neeg hlau automation yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, raws li kev tshawb fawb Ernst & Young tsis ntev los no. Qhov tseeb, digital thiab innovation tau nqis los ntawm tus naj npawb ib xyoo 2018 mus rau tus lej xya hauv 2022 ntawm EY cov npe kev pheej hmoo raws li kev lees paub tau nce, tsa cov lus nug ntawm seb lub hnub nyoog ntawm automation tau los txog thaum kawg.
Kev loj hlob loj
Cov thawj coj hauv kev lag luam hauv automation saws, txhawb nqa los ntawm cov peev txheej siv nyiaj loj, suav nrog Rio Tinto Group, Vale, BHP Billiton thiab Anglo American, uas tau nqis peev hauv tsheb ciav hlau tsis muaj tsheb, tsheb thauj khoom thiab siv txoj siv sia. Tam sim no, lwm lub tuam txhab mining tau nrawm nrawm nrog cov phiaj xwm los ua kom cov mining thiab ua haujlwm nyob deb.
Chile lub xeev-muaj tooj liab miner, Chile National Copper, yog ib rooj plaub nyob rau hauv point. Lub tuam txhab tau ua haujlwm Komatsu 930E tsav tsheb tsis muaj tsheb thauj khoom ntawm nws Gaby mine txij li xyoo 2008 thiab yuav qhia Sandvik Mine thiab Rock Solutions 'Toro TH663i tsheb thauj khoom thiab LH514 scrapers xyoo no -- ib feem ntawm $ 43 lab xaj los ntawm lub tuam txhab, Rau qhov loj heev. Kev nthuav dav ntawm El Teniente underground tooj liab mine hauv Chile. Chile's National Copper tseem yuav xa Sandvik's AutoMine Fleet Dispatch system, ib qho kev tswj xyuas cov chaw taws teeb uas yuav muab cov tsheb thauj khoom hauv av thiab cov tsheb thauj khoom hauv tib thaj chaw tsim khoom. Thaum qhov kev nthuav dav tiav hauv xyoo 2023, lub mine yuav tsim tau txog 500,000 tonnes ntawm tooj liab ib xyoos, ua rau nws yog ib qho ntawm tsib lub tuam txhab tooj liab hauv ntiaj teb.
Los ntawm 2023 txog 2027, Sandvik yuav muab cov tsheb thauj khoom ntxiv thiab cov khoom seem kom muab tso rau hauv AutoMine Fleet system. Lub caij no, Chile lub teb chaws Copper kev lag luam yog siv automation rau drilling platforms nrog perforated RIGS ntawm mines xws li Andina, Radomiro thiab Gaby, uas yuav tsum tau ua kom tiav nyob rau hauv nruab nrab -2022.
Txhim kho workflow los ntawm automation
Chile lub teb chaws tooj liab kev lag luam yog automating kev kho dua tshiab ntawm nws loj mining cov cuab tam nyob rau hauv ib qho kev rau siab los txhim kho cov efficiency ntau lawm, txo tus nqi ntawm mining laus mines thiab txuas kuv lub neej.
Nrog rau qhov txuas ntxiv ntawm lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm kev tsav tsheb tsis siv neeg, kev lag luam mining kev ntseeg siab kuj nce ntxiv. Caterpillar tau hais thaum lub Tsib Hlis 2021 tias nws daim npav tsis muaj tsav tsheb tau xa tawm ntau dua 3 billion tons ntawm ore los ntawm Cat MineStar Command xa cov kab ke. Technavio tau tshaj tawm tias kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb kev lag luam mining yuav tsum loj hlob tsis tu ncua los ntawm USD 991.95 lab (CAGR 4.86 feem pua) ntawm 2020 thiab 2025.
Cov tuam txhab mining tseem xaiv txoj hauv kev pheej yig dua los txhim kho thaj chaw mining raws li cov xwm txheej hauv zos. Thaum kawg ntawm 2021, Tuam Tshoj Jiangtong Group tau kos npe rau daim ntawv cog lus nrog Tage Zhixing los hloov Komatsu hluav taws xob mining phaib hauv kev pabcuam yam tsis muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm tib neeg. Daim npav kho dua tshiab yuav tuaj yeem ua haujlwm nrog cov mine lwm lub tshuab ua haujlwm, xws li Komatsu P&H 2300XPC hluav taws xob shovel thiab Komatsu bulldozer rau kev tsim khoom, Tage tau hais.
BHP kuj tau tshaj tawm rau lub Ib Hlis ib qho kev hloov tsheb tsis muaj kev tsav tsheb ntawm nws $ 3.6 nphom Pilbara South 7.5 feem pua ntawm cov hlau ore tso nyiaj hauv Western Australia, nrog tsib txoj haujlwm tsis muaj neeg tsav tsheb tau ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv. Qhov project yuav pib thaum Lub Rau Hli 2022 thiab xav tias yuav ua kom tiav qhov kev hloov kho tsis muaj neeg siv ntawm 41 Komatsu 930E mine. phaib thiab txog 180 mining machinery thiab cov cuab yeej pabcuam suav nrog excavators, bulldozers, pem hauv ntej-kawg loaders, sprinklers thiab teb tsheb los ntawm lub Cuaj Hli Ntuj 2023 rau tag nrho cov mine card fleet.
Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, Rio Tinto tab tom ua haujlwm los hloov kho txhua yam ntawm kev tsim khoom ntawm nws cov mine Gudai-Darri hlau, kuj tseem nyob hauv Pilbara, ua rau nws yog kuv qhov kev tshaj lij tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb. Ntxiv nrog rau lub nkoj thauj tsis muaj neeg tsav tsheb, lub mine yuav tsum ua kom paub lub ntiaj teb thawj tus tsav tsheb tsis muaj dej ntws thiab cov tshuab drilling tshuab.
Mining automation kev sib tw
Txawm hais tias muaj kev nce qib hauv kev ua haujlwm hauv mining automation, kev ua tiav automation tseem nyuaj, tsis tsawg vim tias nws ntsib kev tawm tsam los ntawm cov koomhaum, uas pom qhov kev txav mus los yog kev hem thawj rau kev ua haujlwm. Kev hloov pauv tseem xav tau kev nqis peev tseem ceeb, kev npaj thiab kev cob qhia cov neeg ua haujlwm, uas yog ib qho kev sib tw uas cov tuam txhab mining loj yuav tsum tau daws.
Resolute Mining's Syama underground kub mine hauv Mali, txawm li cas los xij, tau bucked qhov sib txawv thiab muab ib daim ntawv qhia rau lwm lub tuam txhab mining ua raws, nrog rau kev ua haujlwm tsis muaj neeg ua haujlwm uas suav nrog kev siv tshuab drilling, thauj khoom thiab tshem tawm, kev thauj mus los thiab tsheb thauj mus los.
Cov lus qhia, kev taw qhia thiab cov qauv ntawm yuav ua li cas ua qhov kev hloov pauv loj no tau tshwm sim los qhia cov tuam txhab mining thaum lawv sim hloov kho. Piv txwv li, Lub Ntiaj Teb Mining Steering Group (GMG) tau tshaj tawm ib daim ntawv dawb hu ua "System Safety in Unmanned Mining", uas yog lub hom phiaj los muab cov kev xav dav dav ntawm "system kev nyab xeeb" rau cov lag luam mining kom xa thiab siv cov tshuab mining unmanned.
Tam sim no, tiam tom ntej xws li 5G, uas txhawb nqa kev sib txuas ceev ceev, kev siv ntau lab ntawm cov khoom siv hauv ib cheeb tsam, thiab muaj peev xwm xa mus rau kev ruaj ntseg ntiag tug network nyob txhua qhov chaw, yuav txhawb ntxiv kev xa cov tsheb tsis muaj tsheb nyob hauv thaj chaw mining. Chile lub teb chaws tooj liab kev lag luam twb tau sim 5G thev naus laus zis, tab sis tseem yuav tsum tau txo cov nqi thiab muab cov ntaub ntawv siv ntau dua rau cov thev naus laus zis.
Qhov no tej zaum yuav yog vim li cas, raws li cov kev daws teeb meem digital lub tuam txhab Axora hauv nws daim ntawv tshaj tawm tshiab Innovation Forecast, cov neeg tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam mining ntseeg tias kev lag luam tsis tau txais kev tsim kho tshiab kom deb li deb. Txawm li cas los xij, nws ntseeg tias tus kab mob COVID-19 tuaj yeem hloov pauv tus cwj pwm ntawd. Ntawm 150 tus thawj coj loj hauv kev lag luam tau tshawb fawb, 99 feem pua hais tias kev kho dua tshiab yog tib txoj hauv kev los xyuas kom muaj sia nyob ntawm lawv cov koom haum.
Vim tias qhov tsis paub tseeb tshwm sim los ntawm kev sib kis, cov hlau thiab kev lag luam mining yuav tsum tau txhim kho kev ua haujlwm zoo thoob plaws cov nqi saw thaum txo kev siv nyiaj, uas tsuas yog daws tau los ntawm kev hloov pauv digital. Raws li kev hloov pauv ntawm lub zog ntsuab tsav kev xav tau rau cov peev txheej xws li tooj liab, lithium thiab cobalt, digitization tuaj yeem pab cov tuam txhab ua kom tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws ntawm lub tsheb loj tom ntej.
